Software engineer interested in AI safety.
Really great article. Thank you for writing it.
Before I had naively assumed that if an AI safety researcher earned say $50k per year then donating that much per year would have an equivalent impact.
So for me reading this post was an update toward the value of doing AI safety research directly rather than donating money to the field.
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Hi Sanjay, I tried answering that question in this comment. In short, I think a few thousand FTEs seems like a minimally sufficient number based on the resources needed to solve similar historical problems.
Here is a new blog post from 2025 on the subject. The new estimates are 600 technical AI safety FTEs and 500 non-technical AI safety FTEs (1100 in total).
Thanks for your feedback Sean.
Estimating the number of FTEs at the non-technical organizations is not straightforward since often only a fraction of the individuals are focused on AI safety. For each organization I guessed what fraction of the total FTEs were focused on AI safety though I may have overestimated in some cases (e.g. in the case of CFI I can decrease my estimate).
Also I'll include more frontier labs in the list of non-technical organizations.
The technical AI safety organizations cover a variety of different areas including AI alignment, AI security, interpretability, and evals with the most FTEs working on empirical AI safety topics like LLM alignment, jailbreaks, and robustness which covers a variety of different risks including misalignment and misuse.
Donating to Pause AI UK seems like a highly effective AI safety donation for several reasons: