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Hey everyone,

I started thinking about this after reading ''Strangers Drowning'' (definitely has my recommendation) In some of the personal stories therein described people struggle with spending time on personally meaningful activities that don’t have obvious external rewards (like reading for pleasure, which is something I relate to). That led me to revisit Peter Singer’s Famine, Affluence, and Morality and the broader Effective Altruism framework.

Singer argues that if we can prevent something bad without sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we ought morally to do it. This seems really compelling at first. But here’s what’s puzzling me: why is there such a strong moral focus on how we use our money, while other parts of life like time spent with loved ones, emotional experiences, or personal hobbies are mostly left out of this moral scrutiny?

If Singer’s principle is really consistent, shouldn’t all aspects of our lives be subject to the same kind of moral evaluation? Why carve out money as the main battleground for moral demands and exempt so much else? Without a clear justification for this divide, isn’t the whole framework kind of arbitrary or incomplete? 

So my question is: does Singer, or anyone else in Effective Altruism, offer a solid explanation or solution for where and why these “carve outs” exist outside of strict necessity? For example the technical term for this is supererogation which I will be reading a few books on next week but I am not going to be saving lifes with reading this stuff. So as I am consciously forgoing efforts that would help save or improve other people their life's because of personal projects would this be considered blameworthy?

I’d really appreciate any thoughts or pointers to relevant discussions or readings! :)

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This is such a hard question! Even the most dedicated altruists make some carveouts, and I don't know of any consistent way that people decide what/how big those carveouts should be.
Some past writing on this:
Friendship as a sacred value
You have more than one goal, and that's fine - as you can probably tell, I've mellowed some since my mid-twenties when I was interviewed in Strangers Drowning.

From a strictly utilitarian perspective, there are good reasons to spend time with loved ones, cultivate emotional bonds, and pursue personal hobbies:

  1. Your own well-being counts too. A utilitarian doesn’t just care about the welfare of strangers. They care about everyone’s welfare, including their own. If living altruistically leaves you miserable, then by utilitarian standards that’s a loss of value, not a gain.
  2. Not all goods are fungible. Money can be redirected to different causes, but emotional attachments and sources of intrinsic motivation aren’t as transferable. So it doesn't make sense for a utilitarian to demand that people rewire these aspects of themselves. Human being just don’t work that way.
  3. Burnout is real. A person who devotes themselves single-mindedly to a cause might be admirable, but they risk exhaustion and loss of motivation in the long run. And conversely, a person who feels joy about life will be more motivated to continue working towards the ends they care about.
  4. Role models can inspire others. If utilitarianism looks unpleasant, fewer people will want to adopt it for themselves. But if people see utilitarians living rich, balanced lives, they’re more likely to be inspired by example and join in.

That said, I don't think EA is committed to utilitarianism. Instead, I think EA is more centered around beneficentrism, the idea that it's really important to help others. The difference is that beneficentrism doesn't entail maximizing the world's total welfare. Rather, it's consistent with this view to be partial to one's family and loved ones and to have carveouts for one's own personal projects.

I recommend reading Railton, P. (1984). Alienation, consequentialism, and the demands of morality. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 134-171.

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I really enjoy the question you're asking here. I'd say that you make a good point, and on the surface, it might seem like there's a stronger argument for not giving a moral pass for family time, hobbies, etc.  However, I would imagine this is counter productive in the long run, ironically making it immoral. 

EA seeks to relieve suffering, but why? Just so we can float around and exist? No. In hopes that beings may have fuller lives, to enjoy loved ones, to maintain the freedom and the potential for joy that we should all have a right to. Human history has often shown that when we eliminate these fruits of life, it drives us crazy, and we create unnecessary kinds of suffering for ourselves and others all over again. If we cut out all personal enjoyment, I'd say we're destined to cause more problems, even if we're cutting it out for a noble cause. Not to say we shouldn't be frequently reevaluating ourselves and seeing what other ways we can contribute to EA outside of money, we just need to prioritize a balance. 

It's like that Robin Williams quote in Dead Poets Society, "...And medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for". 

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