Plan Your Career on Paper

I used to expect 80,000 Hours to tell me how to have an impactful career. Recently, I've started thinking it's basically my own personal responsibility to figure it out. I think this shift has made me much happier and much more likely to have an impactful career.

80,000 Hours targets the most professionally successful people in the world. That's probably the right idea for them - giving good career advice takes a lot of time and effort, and they can't help everyone, so they should focus on the people with the most career potential.

But, unfortunately for most EAs (myself included), the nine priority career paths recommended by 80,000 Hours are some of the most difficult and competitive careers in the world. If you’re among the 99% of people who are not Google programmer / top half of Oxford / Top 30 PhD-level talented, you might have a very tough time succeeding in these career paths as outlined by 80,000 Hours. 

So how can the vast majority of people have an impactful career? My best answer: A lot of independent thought and planning. Your own personal brainstorming and reading and asking around and exploring, not just following stock EA advice. 80,000 Hours won't be a gospel that'll give all the answers; the difficult job of finding impactful work falls to the individual.

I know that's pretty vague, much more an emotional mindset than a tactical plan, but I'm personally really happy I've started thinking this way. I feel less status anxiety about living up to 80,000 Hours's recommendations, and I'm thinking much more creatively and concretely about how to do impactful work.

More concretely, here's some ways you can do that:

• Think of easier versions of the 80,000 Hours priority paths. Maybe you'll never work at OpenPhil or GiveWell, but can you work for a non-EA grantmaker reprioritizing their giving to more effective areas? Maybe you won't end up in the US Presidential Cabinet, but can you bring attention to AI policy as a congressional staffer or civil servant? (Edit: I forgot, 80k recommends congressional staffing!) Maybe you won't run operations at CEA, but can you help run a local EA group?
• The 80,000 Hours job board actually has plenty of jobs that aren’t on their priority paths, and I think some of them are much more accessible for a wider audience.
• 80,000 Hours tries to answer the question “Of all the possible careers people can have, which ones are the most impactful?” That’s the right question for them, but the wrong question for an individual. For any given person, I think it’s probably much more useful to think, “What potentially impactful careers could I plausibly enter, and of those, which are the most impactful?” Start with what you already have - skills, connections, experience, insights - and think outwards from there: how you can transform what you already have into an impactful career?
• There are tons of impactful charities out there. GiveWell has identified some of the top few dozen. But if you can get a job at the 500th most effective charity in the world, you’re still making a really important impact, and it’s worth figuring out how to do that.
• Talk to people working in the most important problems who aren't top 1% of professional success - seeing how people like you have an impact can be really motivating and informative.
• Personal donations can be really impactful - not earning to give millions in quant trading, just donating a reasonable portion of your normal-sized salary, wherever it is that you work.
• Convincing people you know to join EA is also great - you can talk to your friends about EA, or attend/help out at a local EA group. Converting more people to EA just multiplies your own impact.

Don't let the fact that Bill Gates saved a million lives keep you from saving one. If you put some hard work into it, you can make a hell of a difference to a whole lot of people.

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This is a repost of an old comment of mine. I spent a while writing and rewriting detailed elaborations of the comment, but I've finally accepted that those versions will not be published anytime soon, so I've just decided to repost the comment as-is. 

In the last 18 months, I think the EA career situation has changed substantially. Thanks to active efforts by 80,000 Hours and many others in the EA community to tailor career advice for a broader audience, there seems to be much less frustration with the availability of career options, at least as evidenced by EA Forum posts on the topic. 

Here's a few recent publications I've found very useful on the topic:

• Arden Koehle's writing for 80,000 Hours, including this post about why there cannot be one "big list" of the world's most impactful careers, and instead everyone should have their own personal list. 
• 80,000 Hours' lists of important problem areas and impactful career ideas beyond the scope of what 80,000 Hours usually focuses on (also written by Arden Koehle!). 
• SHOW: A framework for shaping your talent for direct work, written by Ryan Carey and Tegan McCaslin about how to develop your career capital. 
• The work on the EA Local Career Advice Network by Vaidehi Agarwalla and many others. Here's a bunch more great resources they compiled. 
• This post by ShayBenMoshe is a great example of detailed, in-depth career planning--probably the result of dozens of hours of writing, plus much more time spent thinking about and carrying out the plan. 

The point I'd emphasize the most is the title of this article: Plan your career on paper. If you are stressing out about your career, I'd recommend writing down what you want in a career, what problems you think are the most important, what careers could address those problems, how you might enter those careers, and working both backwards from your goals and forwards from your current career capital to figure out your work-in-progress career plan. For the longest time, I thought I could do this passively in my head just by reading about EA online, but since writing down my thoughts I've understood my own situation much better and stressed about it much less. 80,000 Hours has always recommended this approach, and has recently authored some great new resources to help you get started. 

Thank you to Aaron Gertler, Ryan Carey, Brenton Mayer, Michelle Hutchinson, Khorton, and many others for feedback and encouragement here.