I think at the very least, I'd expect non-neglected AI safety to look like the global campaigns against climate change, or the US military-industrial complex:

• something that governments spend hundreds of billions of dollars on
• a vast ecosystem of nonprofits, think tanks, etc, with potentially tens of thousands of people just thinking about strategy, crafting laws, etc
• legions more people working on specific technologies that will help with various niche aspects of the problem, like more efficient solar panels or etc
• lots of people who don't think of themselves as doing anything altruistic at all, but they are helping because they are employed (directly or indirectly) by the vast system that is dedicated to solving the problem
• a very wide variety of approaches, including backup options (like geoengineering in the case of climate)
• there is more work to do, but it seems like we are at least plausibly on-track to deal with the problem in an adequate way

Just think about the incredible amount of effort that is put forward by, say, the United States in order to try and prevent Chinese military dominance and deter things like an invasion of Taiwan (and worse things like nuclear war), and how those efforts get filtered into thousands and thousands of individual R&D projects, institutions, agreements, purchases, etc... certainly some of the effort is misdirected and some projects/strategies are more impactful than others. Overall, I feel like this (or, similarly, the global effort to transition away from fossil fuels) is the benchmark for a pressing global problem being truly non-neglected in an objective sense.

People you hear in conversation might be using "non-neglected" to refer to a much higher bar, like "AI safety is no longer SO INCREDIBLY neglected that working on it is AUTOMATICALLY the most effective thing you can do, overruling other causes even if you have a big comparative advantage in some other promising area." This might be true, depending on your personal situation and aptitudes! I certainly hope that AI safety becomes less neglected over time, and I think that has slowly been happening. But in a societal / objective sense I think we still need a ton more work on AI safety.

The thing to see is if the media attention translates into  action with more than a few hundred people working on the problem as such rather than getting distracted, and government prioritizing it in conflict with competing goals (like racing to the precipice). One might have thought Covid-19 meant that GCBR pandemics would stop being neglected,  but  that doesn't seem right. The Biden administration has asked for Congressional approval of a pretty good pandemic prevention bill (very similar to what EAs have suggested)  but it has been rejected because it's still seen as a low priority. And engineered pandemics remain off the radar with not much improvement as a result of a recent massive pandemic.

AIS has always had outsized media coverage relative to people actually doing something  about it, and that may continue.

I think this is likely different from AIS being "solved" and is necessarily contextualized in the full breadth of the world's most pressing problems, including other x-risks and s-risks, and their relative neglectedness.

One thing to keep in mind is that nothing is static. Just as attention and resources towards AIS may ebb and flow in the coming years, so will attention to other highly pressing problems, like other x-risks and s-risks.

But let's ignore that for now and go through a few sketches that might turn into BOTECs. 

80000 Hours currently estimates that 10s of millions of quality-adjusted dollars are spent on AIS. Commenters estimate about 300M/year is spent on AIS in 2022, while roughly 1 billion a year (quality-adjusted) is spent on reducing bio x-risks.

So first order, if you think bio x-risk is 10x less important ∩ tractable than AIS, then at the point where AIS has roughly 1 billion quality-adjusted dollars/year spent on it, then bio-risk is sufficiently relatively neglected that a moderate comparative advantage for someone generally talented should push them to work against bio-risks over AIS. Similarly, at 10x AIS importance ∩ tractability compared to biorisk, then you should consider AIS and bio x-risk equally neglected relative to other factors at the $10 B/year mark. To be clear, this is just saying that AIS is no longer "most neglected relative to its importance" which is a very high bar; even at 10B/year it'd arguably still be extremely neglected in absolute terms.^[1]

Likewise, if you think bio x-risk is 100x less important ∩ tractable than AIS, the above numbers should be $10B/year and $100B/year, respectively.

(Some people think the difference is much more than 100x but I don't personally find the arguments convincing after having looked into it non-trivially. That said, I don't have much access to private information, and no original insights).

However, as mentioned in the beginning, this assumes, likely incorrectly, that resources on bio-x-risk is relatively static. To the extent this assumption is false, you'd need to dynamically adjust this estimate over time.

I mention bio x-risk because it's probably the most directly comparable problem that's important, neglected and also relatively scalable. If we're thinking about decisions on the level of the individual rather than say from the movement or large funders, so there's no scalability constraint, there are plausibly at least a few other options that's already both extremely important and more neglected than AI safety such that it makes sense for nonzero people who are unusually suited for such work to work on; e.g. here's a recent Forum argument for digital consciousness.

1. ^{^}

   Note that the world probably spends 10s of billions a year on reducing climate risk, and similar or greater amounts on ice cream.

This was asked here, though I'm not super sure I found the answer convincing.

We should expect it to pivot to a sort of climate change situation, such that the ITN argument looks like a request to adjust for the competence of the attention. 

Which I don't think matters if you're seasoned enough to have invested capital into your AI theory of change already, but could matter a lot if you're at the top of the funnel / movement building especially for open/uncommitted people who seem down with EA in a broad sense. 

I'm confused about whether to expect higher salience / more competition to lead to a rat race like becoming an elected official or a rat race like becoming a surgeon. Rat race could mean massive goodhart taxes or "race to the bottom" (elections) or it could be quality assurance "meritocracy is actually working as intended" (surgeons).

In my extreme case, I think it looks something like we’ve got really promising solutions in the work for alignment and they will be on time to actually be implemented.

Or perhaps, in the case where solutions aren’t forthcoming, we have some really robust structures (international govs and big AI labs or something coordinating) to avoid developing AGI.