After searching on the Forum I can't find anything like this, and I'm aware that most of these jobs are government-issued and mostly kept private or sent by referrals, but I think that a page gathering all types of jobs to prevent nuclear risks related to war or energy would be useful to our EA members. A bit like this for AI safety: https://www.cold-takes.com/jobs-that-can-help-with-the-most-important-century/
The graduate scheme is a good idea, might be worthy to look into who presents there and ask them. I was thinking mostly about newbies but also mid-career professionals who might want to switch fields and go there, since not all of these jobs require some specific technical knowledge that needs to be built through time. Yes it might be useful to have such a list, I might put some hours aside one day and try a draft!