Cross-posted from my Substack.
Epistemic status: I’ve puzzled over this for a long time but I’m not sure I came to the right answers. I'm sharing this partly because it might help others work on resource allocation, but mostly because some smarter reader might tell me how to do it better.
TL;DR:
* I he...
With the AI windfall, mental health may be taken increasingly seriously by mainstream EA. There’s increasingly room to explore the cause area and answer some of the biggest uncertainties; at the same time, costs of the most effective interventions are continuing to fall. StrongMinds is now treating for ~$35, about a third of GiveWell’s best guess from a few years ago, and is expected to...
I've heard several enterprise leaders describe the Hugging Face attacks as an “accident.” I think that framing is worth challenging.
An accident suggests something unforeseen happened without meaningful human agency. But security failures don't happen in a vacuum. They emerge from systems, incentives, architectures, controls, decisions, and human behavior. Calling an attack an “accident” can inadvertently turn a failure of those systems into an event that simply happened.
There is a useful precedent in road safety. We moved away from calling vehicle-related injuries “accidents” toward terms like “crash” and “collision” because the language better reflects causality. A collision can be predictable and preventable based on road design, infrastructure, vehicle characteristics, and human behavior. That framing creates an obligation to ask: what conditions produced the outcome, who had agency over them, and what needs to change?
AI security deserves the same discipline.
If we are serious about humans remaining in charge, our language should not erase human agency when something goes wrong. “Attack,” “failure,” “vulnerability,” and “incident” may be uncomfortable words—but they preserve the causal chain that allows us to investigate what happened, assign responsibility appropriately, and reduce the probability of recurrence.
Here's JL Austin on mistakes and accidents; you might find it interesting.